We get so many questions about what the difference is between PAs and NPs and how to choose the right career path between these two. As healthcare demands continue to rise, the need for healthcare providers of all types continues to grow. Many students are faced with a choice of which profession to choose and two popular options for individuals seeking advanced healthcare careers are physician assistants (PAs) and nurse practitioners (NPs).
Although this is a completely personal decision based on your preferences, we wanted to lay out some of the main differences between these two professions, so that if you are on the fence, you are able to make an educated decision on which path may be best for you. While both professions offer many similarities, there are some differences that may make one career path more suitable for you.
Education and Training
One of the primary differences between PAs and NPs is the education and training requirements. PAs need a master’s degree from an accredited PA program and must pass the Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination (PANCE) to become licensed. In contrast, NPs need a master’s of science in nursing and must also pass a licensure exam. There are currently two recognized certifying boards for NPs: The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) and the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). At this time, PAs must continue to obtain CME (Continuing medical education) credits and re-board every 10 years to make certain they keep up-to-date with new medical literature. PAs also only have one certifying body, the NCCPA.
Another important distinction is the training and educational model between the two. PAs are trained like physicians, in the medical model, which means we emphasize testing, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease states, while NPs are trained in the nursing model, which takes a more holistic approach of the patient overall, accounting for spiritual, mental and emotional needs.
Scope of Practice
Another difference between PAs and NPs is their scope of practice. While both professions can work under the supervision of a physician, PAs are trained as generalists and can work in any medical specialties after school. In contrast many NP are specialty-focused (for example, an FNP is an NP who has specialized in family medicine). Both professions can diagnose and treat patients, prescribe medications, order and interpret diagnostic tests, and perform procedures, but the PA profession definitely is unique in the lateral mobility and flexibility when it comes to changing specialties and specializing.
Collaboration and Autonomy
PAs and NPs also have different levels of collaboration and autonomy in their practice. PAs work collaboratively with physicians and other healthcare providers, but the level of collaboration can vary depending on the state laws and the practice setting. The PA career was structured to work closely as an integral member of the healthcare team. In contrast, NPs often work independently, although they may collaborate with physicians and other healthcare providers as needed.
Salary and Job Outlook
Salary and job outlook are important factors to consider when choosing a career path. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for PAs was $115,390 in May 2020, while the median annual salary for NPs was $111,680. Both professions have a positive job outlook, with employment for PAs and NPs projected to grow substantially (by 31% and 52%, respectively) from 2019 to 2029!
Which Career Path is Right for You?
Deciding between a career as a PA or an NP is a personal decision that should be based on individual preferences, strengths, and career goals. PAs may be a better fit for those interested in working in multiple specialties and enjoy a collaborative work environment. NPs may be a better fit for those interested in primary care settings and seeking greater autonomy in their practice.
Ultimately, both professions offer rewarding careers in healthcare, and the choice between them depends on your personal interests and goals. It’s important that you research and gain a thorough understanding of both professions before making a decision, and definitely consider shadowing to help you fully comprehend which will be the best fit for you.